In Chinese Buddhism, Guan Yu is revered as Sangharama Bodhisattva ( 伽蓝菩萨) - the guardian spirit of Buddha Dharma. The Taoist worshiped Guan Yu as the god of literature、god of war and Martial God of Wealth and is referred to as Guan Gong (关公), Guan Di (关帝), short for his Taoist title "Saintly Emperor Guan" (关圣帝君). This idea offered motivation and role model for Chinese migrants when they arrive in their host society. Guan Yu’s brotherhood pact with Liu Bei and Zhang Fei provides strong imagery and symbolism for friends to look after each other in times of hardship.
In modern days, General Guan Yu became the embodiment of loyalty, righteous, bravery and benevolence (忠义勇仁). The locals built a temple on the hill to worship the spirit. Pujing spoke to the spirit, "Now you ask for your head, but from whom should Yan Liang, Wen Chou, the pass guardians and many others ask for theirs?" Guan Yu's spirit was enlightened and disappeared, but henceforth it manifested itself around the hill and protected the locals from evil. Īfter Guan Yu's death at the hands of Sun Quan, his spirit roamed the land, crying out, "Return my head!" His spirit came to Yuquan Hill outside Dangyang County (present-day Dangyang, Hubei), and encountered Pujing, the monk who saved his life several years ago at Sishui Pass. In the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Luo Guanzhong wrote that. Legends also claim that Guan Yu assisted Zhiyi in the construction of the Yuquan Temple (玉泉寺), which still stands today. Henceforth, it is said that Guan Yu made a vow to become a guardian of temples and the dharma. After receiving Buddhist teachings from the master, Guan Yu took refuge in the triple gems and also requested the Five Precepts. Guan Yu then requested the master to teach him about the dharma. Zhiyi was then in deep meditation on Yuquan Hill (玉泉山) when he was distracted by Guan Yu's presence. In 592, Guan Yu manifested himself one night before Ch'an Master Zhiyi, the founder of the Tiantai school of Buddhism, along with a retinue of spiritual beings.
Guan Yu was granted the posthumous title of "Marquis Zhuangmou" (壯繆侯) in 260 by Liu Shan.
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Sun Quan sent Guan Yu's severed head to Cao Cao, who performed the proper funeral rites and buried Guan's head with full honours.
As an individual, he was respected for his loyalty and righteousness.ĭuring a battle with Wu forces, Guan Yu was captured and beheaded by Sun Quan after refusing to surrender. With this development, Chinese history entered the Three Kingdoms Period, (三国时代) a political scene that lasted for 60 years from CE 220 to 280.Īs a General, Guan Yu was well known for his integrity, and bravery. When the regional powers Cao Cao (曹操) and Sun Quan (孙权) proclaimed themselves Emperors Wei (魏) and Wu (吴), Liu Bei declared himself the Emperor of Shu (蜀) with the aim of restoring the Han dynasty, often referred to as Shu-Han (蜀汉). Liu Bei was the eldest of the three brothers Guan Yu was the second brother and Zhang Fei the youngest. They became sworn brothers at the Peach Garden (桃园结义) and vowed to work together towards the revival of the Han Dynasty. He had met two other persons with the same ideal Liu Bei, (刘备)a distant member of the Han royal family and Zhang Fei (张飞). Guan Yu belonged to the group who aspired to restore the Han Dynasty. Nevertheless, others remained loyal to the Han dynasty and sought to restore the power of the Han Emperor. They aspired to be rulers of their own empire.
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Meanwhile, disenfranchised peasant began series of uprising.Īs the political disintegration intensified, regional warlords were no longer contented to be the power behind the throne. Powerful clans and court officials fought against each other to become the power behind the throne. Towards the end of the Han dynasty (汉朝), the emperor had been reduced to a nominal ruler.
Guan Yu (关羽) was a historical person who lived in China during the Three Kingdoms period, (三国) (CE 220-CE 280). Guan Yu (关羽) is also known as Guan Di(关帝), Guan Gong（关公）.
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